This book introduces the role played by health investment in the development process in Kenya. Introduction to Health and development, healthcare funding impact on development in Kenya, population health in the development process, the population health model (POHEM), the Kenyan health care policy, Social determinants of health and health needs assessment in a population are presented. In Kenya, good health is essential for sustainable development. The current 2030 development Agenda reflects the complexity and interconnectedness of health and development. It takes into account widening economic and social inequalities, rapid urbanization, threats to the climate and the environment, the continuing burden of COVID-19 effects, HIV and other infectious diseases, and the increasing threat of non-communicable diseases. Universal health coverage is integral to achieving SDG 3, ending poverty and reducing inequalities. Investment in preventive health care is important. Though some Counties in Kenya have made good steps in establishing healthcare infrastructure, the quality of care, personnel, and other medical goods still remain a big challenge.