Nanothin film technique has vast applications after doing modification of the surface. With the help of this concept, hybrid materials can be generated easily to enlighten various new material or materials’ properties. Surface modification is the process to improve the material in different with enhancing all the properties and capabilities of the material. The surface modification process has been done in various ways. In this book, thin-film coating has been in focus to improve the material’s properties. Thin-film or multilayered thin films are used to amend the surface of the material. With help of this technique, a new diverse way opened to alter any kind of material. In order to generate a high-quality thin-film coating and to improve the material’s properties, nanocomposites are being very useful to fulfil the criteria. Composite materials have combinations of two or several nano components, which acquire new and unique characteristic properties that the individual constituents, by themselves, cannot obtain. Nanocomposites are those materials with a Nano-scale structure that improves the microscopic property of the products.