Vulnerable groups have very distinctive developmental barriers mainly from a human development perspective they face disadvantages that often overlap and reinforce one another, making it harder to catch up with others who enjoy higher standards of living. However, most of the researches focused on few socio-politically innermost groups that sidelined the voices of the groups who are at the periphery of human development. The purpose of this book is to assess the relationship between vulnerability and human development of vulnerable whose voices are not adequately addressed so far such as i) De-notified Tribes (DNT’s), ii) Child labour iii) Devdasi and iv) people with HIV-AIDS.