The book is prepared based on the author’s twenty years of teaching experience, research works, and publications in South Asian politics, administration and governance focused on Bangladesh. A sound and peaceful society demand democratic governance, the rule of law, human rights, and good governance. However, all these are very fretful issues in the world. The South Asian countries have gained their independence through political turmoil, violation of individual rights in politics, civil service, economy, and development; deprivation of life, liberty, and property; and then movements for independent states against British colonial rule in the Indian subcontinent. The book deals with the issues and challenges of politics and governance in Bangladesh. Though, Bangladesh currently has some elements of democracy, for instance: a multiparty party form of government, periodic elections, a vibrant civil society, a growing bourgeoisie, digitalization of access to information, citizen charter, and community empowerment programs. However, these are very controversial, filled with crisis, and face lots of challenges.