The purpose of this book is to study the regional disparities in respect of some important selected development indicators over time period for each sector of economy separately and in combination and to compare the poverty and inequality measures at regional, community levels, and district levels. Also identify the factors determining the poverty at household level and estimate the rural poverty in Odisha at district / regional levels based on the 68th round (2011-12) of the Household Consumer Expenditure data of the National Sample Survey (NSS) and 2011 Indian Population Census data, using direct, indirect, and small area estimation techniques.