This book presents a nationwide study on contributory factors that could influence library staff turnover pattern and retention in academic libraries of public and private universities in Ethiopia. The respondents agreed on the contributory factors to library staff turnover and retention in the academic libraries owned by governments and privately owned universities in Ethiopia. Based on the results, Lack of well-organized staff development program, Poor attitude of the society toward library staff, unsatisfactory salary, unfair or unequal treatment of staff are the main contributory factors that force the library professionals to leave their libraries. This book provide information on the policy of staff development and training in academic libraries of Ethiopian Universities and Colleges, which will in turn assist policy makers in determining the policy provisions on staff development and training also include information on the professional librarians and non-professional staff turnover rate and retention among public and private academic libraries in Ethiopian Universities.