Cytology is a new field of rapid cost effective screening method of cervical cancer. It has become a major help in diagnosis of cervical conditions in women from poor resource countries. This concept of screening will help to control cervical cancer at an early stage and save women of morbidity and mortality. Latest concepts in diagnosis of HPV, the causative organism in cervical cancers by using liquid based cytology, cell block, PCR and IHC has been highlighted in the book.