This book examines old-age insurance policy provision for Chinese internal migrant workers. In recent years, the government’s old-age insurance policy has been redesigned to include migrant workers in the current insurance scheme and to offer them better protection. However, the participation rate is still extremely low and numbers of migrant workers are increasingly high, making it imperative to investigate the reasons for such low participation. To this end, this book employs a three-dimensional analysis framework of old-age insurance policy for migrant workers: individual perceptions, policy analysis of old-age insurance policies and documents, and the linkage between the economic and political environment and social security/old-age insurance reform.