Typical of many U.S. urban schools, NYC system had high attrition rates, with Blacks and Latinos (B & L) most affected. Graduates were unprepared for college but perfect for the ever-ready NY State prisons. Is this not a national and global threat? The B & L youth will form the majority in the US in 30 years. Yet, the group received the fewest STEM degrees. If this were to continue, the US military would be affected! Can America leave its future to be decided by others? Mayor Bloomberg’s bid to use Vocational Education (VE) to address the problem is hampered, as VE was always used as a dumping ground for B & L and the disabled. A fresh look at the VE’s potential was needed. This book is a product of extensive research by Jamaican-born NYC educator, Dr. Rupert Green and scholars in London, Guam, Kuwait and the Caribbean. It explains the failure of Blacks, Latinos, and Native Americans, especially males, and why Asians were the poster child for academic success. Reasons found: the immigrant effect, child rearing style, acting White, learning style, culturally relevant pedagogy, school feminization, stereotype threat; lack of B & L role models in teaching /administrative positions.