The two main study objectives for the research were to examine the effects of the selected determinants (Education, Income, Age at first marriage, and Geographical location urban vs. rural) on contraceptive use and to describe the changes in the selected determinants on contraceptive use in Kenya in 1998 and 2008-2009. The study answered two research questions; What are the characteristics of contraceptive users in 1998 and 2008-2009 in Kenya? —Only modern contraception methods vs. other contraception methods and What factors describe the overall changes in contraceptive use and what caused or propelled these changes in Kenya? The study addresses the evolution of contraceptive use in Kenya over a 12 year period and the challenges women face in accessing reproductive health services in a society where population growth is outpacing social and economic growth. The book uses three main theories of modernization, human capital and social change to examine n describe the process and development of contraceptive use in Kenya over a 12-year period.