The aim of the current study was to optimize different cultural and environmental conditions for production the antibacterial bioactive metabolites by Streptomyces sp. isolated from agriculture soil, in Baghdad, Iraq. As more microorganisms become resistant to current antibiotics, there is a great need for new antimicrobial agents. Streptomyces spp are Gram – positive bacteria responsible for the production of over 6000 types of bioactive metabolites. The current study aimed to, screening of Streptomyces isolates for bioactive compounds production. Identification of active isolates which exhibited higher active metabolite production using cultural, the nucleotide sequence of the corresponding 16S rRNA gene analysis, followed by optimization of fermentation conditions. Semi purification of bioactive metabolites and determination of their structure. The antibacterial activity of bioactive metabolites was studied as well.